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Bacteriostatic water is sterile water that contains a very small amount (0.9%) of benzyl alcohol, which acts as a preservative
The Safety Summary The Bottom Line For treating specific hyperpigmentation dark spots, PIH, melasma, uneven patches topical kojic acid has significantly stronger clinical evidence, a well-established safety profile, and a targeted mechanism that addresses the actual biology of those spots
Teichberg S, Isolauri E, Wapnir RA, Roberts B, & Lifshitz F (1990) Development of the neonatal rat small intestinal barrier to nonspecific macromolecular absorption: Effect of early weaning to artificial diets