However, it will still take quite a while before all the most potential innovations get from the bench to the bedside, not the least due to the various limitations and challenges when translating preclinical research findings into the clinic [229, 247, 248]
Reactive oxygen species are responsible for cell damage, and increase skin ageing and inflammation
In contrast, immunomodulatory pathways play an essential role in the neuroprotective effect of Vit D and N-3 PUFAs (EPA and DHA), as evidenced by their ability to reduce the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF- and increase the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, thereby attenuating the neuroinflammation caused by MSG in the current study 103 , which has been widely reported in previous animal studies 103,104,105,106 , and demonstrates an additional synergetic neuroprotective effect of their combined supplementation
DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171149