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Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is an incretin 30 amino-acid peptide hormone produced in hindbrain neurons and in specialized enteroendocrine cells (L cells) in the distal small and large intestines that is released after food intake [23, 24]

Keep fast-acting carbs (juice, glucose tablets) nearby

Consequently, on top of the beneficial effect of weight loss caused by GLP-1 analogues these drugs also cause a substantial reduction of the glycemic load (GL = carbohydrate intake X Glycemic index), which per se reduces hyperinsulinemia and causes weight loss [22], reduce diabetes risk [23], inflammation [24], and cardiovascular risk [25]

After 24 weeks of treatment, the serum and urine measurements and physical examination carried out at baseline will be performed again (period 3) (Fig