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Although gastric banding carries a lower risk of B12 deficiency than malabsorptive procedures such as Roux-en-Y bypass, reduced tolerance of B12-rich foods and the use of acid-suppressing medicines can still compromise nutritional status over time

Pernicious anaemia , an autoimmune condition affecting approximately 0.1-0.2% of the UK population (higher in older adults), destroys gastric parietal cells that produce intrinsic factora protein essential for B12 absorption in the terminal ileum

Researchers generally favor AOD-9604 because it selectively stimulates lipolysis while minimally impacting blood glucose or growth pathways

The goal is to help improve energy stability, reduce fatigue, and support overall daily functioning